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Surah 9 · Madani · 129 Ayahs

At-Tawbah

The Repentance

التوبة

Deals with the aftermath of the Tabuk expedition, laying down principles for treaties with hostile tribes, exposing the hypocrites within the community, and calling believers to sincere struggle in Allah's cause.

Juz 10–11Madani129 ayahs
GhunnahIdgham (with Ghunnah)Idgham ShafawiIdgham (without Ghunnah)IkhfaIqlabQalqalahMadd — natural / permissibleMadd — necessary / obligatorySilent letters
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1
بَرَآءَةٌۭFreedom from obligations
مِّنَfrom
ٱللَّهِAllah
وَرَسُولِهِۦٓand His Messenger
إِلَىto
ٱلَّذِينَthose (with) whom
عَـٰهَدتُّمyou made a covenant
مِّنَfrom
ٱلْمُشْرِكِينَthe polytheists
1

[This is a declaration of] disassociation, from Allāh and His Messenger, to those with whom you had made a treaty among the polytheists.

2
فَسِيحُوا۟So move about
فِىin
ٱلْأَرْضِthe land
أَرْبَعَةَ(during) four
أَشْهُرٍۢmonths
وَٱعْلَمُوٓا۟but know
أَنَّكُمْthat you
غَيْرُ(can) not
مُعْجِزِىescape
ٱللَّهِ ۙAllah
وَأَنَّand that
ٱللَّهَAllah
مُخْزِى(is) the One Who (will) disgrace
ٱلْكَـٰفِرِينَthe disbelievers
2

So travel freely, [O disbelievers], throughout the land [during] four months but know that you cannot cause failure to Allāh and that Allāh will disgrace the disbelievers.

3
وَأَذَٰنٌۭAnd an announcement
مِّنَ ٱللَّهِfrom Allah
وَرَسُولِهِۦٓand His Messenger
إِلَىto
ٱلنَّاسِthe people
يَوْمَ(on the) day
ٱلْحَجِّ ٱلْأَكْبَرِ(of) the greater Pilgrimage
أَنَّthat
ٱللَّهَAllah
بَرِىٓءٌۭ(is) free from obligations
مِّنَ[of]
ٱلْمُشْرِكِينَ ۙ(to) the polytheists
وَرَسُولُهُۥ ۚand (so is) His Messenger
فَإِنSo if
تُبْتُمْyou repent
فَهُوَthen, it is
خَيْرٌۭbest
لَّكُمْ ۖfor you
وَإِنBut if
تَوَلَّيْتُمْyou turn away
فَٱعْلَمُوٓا۟then know
أَنَّكُمْthat you
غَيْرُ(can) not
مُعْجِزِىescape
ٱللَّهِ ۗAllah
وَبَشِّرِAnd give glad tidings
ٱلَّذِينَ(to) those who
كَفَرُوا۟disbelieve
بِعَذَابٍof a punishment
أَلِيمٍpainful
3

And [it is] an announcement from Allāh and His Messenger to the people on the day of the greater pilgrimage that Allāh is disassociated from the disbelievers, and [so is] His Messenger. So if you repent, that is best for you; but if you turn away - then know that you will not cause failure to Allāh. And give tidings to those who disbelieve of a painful punishment.

4
إِلَّاExcept
ٱلَّذِينَthose (with) whom
عَـٰهَدتُّمyou have a covenant
مِّنَamong
ٱلْمُشْرِكِينَthe polytheists
ثُمَّthen
لَمْnot
يَنقُصُوكُمْthey have failed you
شَيْـًۭٔا(in any) thing
وَلَمْand not
يُظَـٰهِرُوا۟they have supported
عَلَيْكُمْagainst you
أَحَدًۭاanyone
فَأَتِمُّوٓا۟so fulfil
إِلَيْهِمْto them
عَهْدَهُمْtheir treaty
إِلَىٰtill
مُدَّتِهِمْ ۚtheir term
إِنَّIndeed
ٱللَّهَAllah
يُحِبُّloves
ٱلْمُتَّقِينَthe righteous
4

Excepted are those with whom you made a treaty among the polytheists and then they have not been deficient toward you in anything or supported anyone against you; so complete for them their treaty until their term [has ended]. Indeed, Allāh loves the righteous [who fear Him].

5
فَإِذَاThen when
ٱنسَلَخَhave passed
ٱلْأَشْهُرُ ٱلْحُرُمُthe sacred months
فَٱقْتُلُوا۟then kill
ٱلْمُشْرِكِينَthe polytheists
حَيْثُwherever
وَجَدتُّمُوهُمْyou find them
وَخُذُوهُمْand seize them
وَٱحْصُرُوهُمْand besiege them
وَٱقْعُدُوا۟and sit (in wait)
لَهُمْfor them
كُلَّ(at) every
مَرْصَدٍۢ ۚplace of ambush
فَإِنBut if
تَابُوا۟they repent
وَأَقَامُوا۟and establish
ٱلصَّلَوٰةَthe prayer
وَءَاتَوُا۟and give
ٱلزَّكَوٰةَthe zakah
فَخَلُّوا۟then leave
سَبِيلَهُمْ ۚtheir way
إِنَّIndeed
ٱللَّهَAllah
غَفُورٌۭ(is) Oft-Forgiving
رَّحِيمٌۭMost Merciful
5

And when the inviolable months have passed, then kill the polytheists wherever you find them and capture them and besiege them and sit in wait for them at every place of ambush. But if they should repent, establish prayer, and give zakāh, let them [go] on their way. Indeed, Allāh is Forgiving and Merciful.

6
وَإِنْAnd if
أَحَدٌ مِّنَanyone
ٱلْمُشْرِكِينَof
ٱسْتَجَارَكَthe polytheists
فَأَجِرْهُseek your protection
حَتَّىٰthen grant him protection
يَسْمَعَuntil
كَلَـٰمَhe hears
ٱللَّهِ(the) Words of Allah
ثُمَّThen
أَبْلِغْهُescort him
مَأْمَنَهُۥ‌ۚ(to) his place of safety
ذَٲلِكَThat
بِأَنَّهُمْ(is) because they
قَوْمٌ لَّا(are) a people
يَعْلَمُونَ(who) do not know
٦

And if any one of the polytheists seeks your protection, then grant him protection so that he may hear the words of Allāh [i.e., the Qur’ān]. Then deliver him to his place of safety. That is because they are a people who do not know.

7
كَيْفَHow
يَكُونُcan (there) be
لِلْمُشْرِكِينَfor the polytheists
عَهْدٌa covenant
عِندَwith
ٱللَّهِAllah
وَعِندَand with
رَسُولِهِۦٓHis Messenger
إِلَّاexcept
ٱلَّذِينَthose (with) whom
عَـٰهَدتُّمْyou made a covenant
عِندَnear
ٱلْمَسْجِدِAl-Masjid
ٱلْحَرَامِ‌ۖAl-Haraam
فَمَاSo long as
ٱسْتَقَـٰمُواْthey are upright
لَكُمْto you
فَٱسْتَقِيمُواْthen you be upright
لَهُمْ‌ۚto them
إِنَّIndeed
ٱللَّهَAllah
يُحِبُّloves
ٱلْمُتَّقِينَthe righteous
٧

How can there be for the polytheists a treaty in the sight of Allāh and with His Messenger, except for those with whom you made a treaty at al-Masjid al-Ḥarām? So as long as they are upright toward you, be upright toward them. Indeed, Allāh loves the righteous [who fear Him].

8
كَيْفَHow
وَإِنwhile, if
يَظْهَرُوا۟they gain dominance
عَلَيْكُمْover you
لَا يَرْقُبُوا۟they do not regard (the ties)
فِيكُمْwith you
إِلًّۭا(of) kinship
وَلَاand not
ذِمَّةًۭ ۚcovenant of protection
يُرْضُونَكُمThey satisfy you
بِأَفْوَٰهِهِمْwith their mouths
وَتَأْبَىٰbut refuse
قُلُوبُهُمْtheir hearts
وَأَكْثَرُهُمْand most of them
فَـٰسِقُونَ(are) defiantly disobedient
8

How [can there be a treaty] while, if they gain dominance over you, they do not observe concerning you any pact of kinship or covenant of protection? They satisfy you with their mouths, but their hearts refuse [compliance], and most of them are defiantly disobedient.

9
ٱشْتَرَوْا۟They exchange
بِـَٔايَـٰتِ ٱللَّهِ[with] the Verses of Allah
ثَمَنًۭا قَلِيلًۭا(for) a little price
فَصَدُّوا۟and they hinder (people)
عَنfrom
سَبِيلِهِۦٓ ۚHis way
إِنَّهُمْIndeed
سَآءَevil
مَا(is) what
كَانُوا۟they used to
يَعْمَلُونَdo
9

They have exchanged the signs of Allāh for a small price and averted [people] from His way. Indeed, it was evil that they were doing.

10
لَاNot
يَرْقُبُونَthey respect (the ties)
فِىtowards
مُؤْمِنٍa believer
إِلًّۭا(of) kinship
وَلَاand not
ذِمَّةًۭ ۚcovenant of protection
وَأُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَAnd those
هُمُ[they]
ٱلْمُعْتَدُونَ(are) the transgressors
10

They do not observe toward a believer any pact of kinship or covenant of protection. And it is they who are the transgressors.

11
فَإِنBut if
تَابُوا۟they repent
وَأَقَامُوا۟and establish
ٱلصَّلَوٰةَthe prayer
وَءَاتَوُا۟and give
ٱلزَّكَوٰةَthe zakah
فَإِخْوَٰنُكُمْthen (they are) your brothers
فِىin
ٱلدِّينِ ۗ[the] religion
وَنُفَصِّلُAnd We explain in detail
ٱلْـَٔايَـٰتِthe Verses
لِقَوْمٍۢfor a people
يَعْلَمُونَ(who) know
11

But if they repent, establish prayer, and give zakāh, then they are your brothers in religion; and We detail the verses for a people who know.

12
وَإِنAnd if
نَّكَثُوٓا۟they break
أَيْمَـٰنَهُمtheir oaths
مِّنۢ بَعْدِafter
عَهْدِهِمْtheir treaty
وَطَعَنُوا۟and defame
فِى[in]
دِينِكُمْyour religion
فَقَـٰتِلُوٓا۟then fight
أَئِمَّةَthe leaders
ٱلْكُفْرِ ۙ(of) [the] disbelief
إِنَّهُمْindeed, they
لَآno
أَيْمَـٰنَoaths
لَهُمْfor them
لَعَلَّهُمْso that they may
يَنتَهُونَcease
12

And if they break their oaths after their treaty and defame your religion, then combat the leaders of disbelief, for indeed, there are no oaths [sacred] to them; [fight them that] they might cease.

13
أَلَاWill not
تُقَـٰتِلُونَyou fight
قَوْمًۭاa people
نَّكَثُوٓا۟who broke
أَيْمَـٰنَهُمْtheir oaths
وَهَمُّوا۟and determined
بِإِخْرَاجِto drive out
ٱلرَّسُولِthe Messenger
وَهُمand they
بَدَءُوكُمْbegan (to attack) you
أَوَّلَfirst
مَرَّةٍ ۚtime
أَتَخْشَوْنَهُمْ ۚDo you fear them
فَٱللَّهُBut Allah
أَحَقُّ(has) more right
أَنthat
تَخْشَوْهُyou should fear Him
إِنif
كُنتُمyou are
مُّؤْمِنِينَbelievers
13

Would you not fight against a people who broke their oaths and determined to expel the Messenger, and they had begun [the attack upon] you the first time? Do you fear them? But Allāh has more right that you should fear Him, if you are [truly] believers.

14
قَـٰتِلُوهُمْFight them
يُعَذِّبْهُمُAllah will punish them
ٱللَّهُby your hands
بِأَيْدِيكُمْand disgrace them
وَيُخْزِهِمْand give you victory
وَيَنصُرْكُمْover them
عَلَيْهِمْand will heal
وَيَشْفِ(the) breasts
صُدُورَ(of) a people
قَوْمٍ مُّؤْمِنِينَ(who are) believers
١٤

Fight them; Allāh will punish them by your hands and will disgrace them and give you victory over them and satisfy the breasts [i.e., desires] of a believing people

15
وَيُذْهِبْAnd remove
غَيْظَ(the) anger
قُلُوبِهِمْ‌ۗ(of) their hearts
وَيَتُوبُAnd Allah accepts repentance
ٱللَّهُof
عَلَىٰwhom
مَن يَشَآءُ‌ۗHe wills
وَٱللَّهُAnd Allah
عَلِيمٌ(is) All-Knower
حَكِيمٌAll-Wise
١٥

And remove the fury in their [i.e., the believers'] hearts. And Allāh turns in forgiveness to whom He wills; and Allāh is Knowing and Wise.

16
أَمْOr
حَسِبْتُمْ(do) you think
أَنthat
تُتْرَكُوا۟you would be left
وَلَمَّاwhile not
يَعْلَمِ ٱللَّهُAllah made evident
ٱلَّذِينَthose who
جَـٰهَدُوا۟strive
مِنكُمْamong you
وَلَمْand not
يَتَّخِذُوا۟take
مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِbesides Allah
وَلَاand not
رَسُولِهِۦHis Messenger
وَلَاand not
ٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَthe believers
وَلِيجَةًۭ ۚ(as) intimates
وَٱللَّهُAnd Allah
خَبِيرٌۢ(is) All-Aware
بِمَاof what
تَعْمَلُونَyou do
16

Do you think that you will be left [as you are] while Allāh has not yet made evident those among you who strive [for His cause] and do not take other than Allāh, His Messenger and the believers as intimates? And Allāh is [fully] Aware of what you do.

17
مَا(It) is not
كَانَfor the polytheists
لِلْمُشْرِكِينَthat
أَن يَعْمُرُواْthey maintain
مَسَـٰجِدَ(the) masajid of Allah
ٱللَّهِ(while) witnessing
شَـٰهِدِينَagainst
عَلَىٰٓthemselves
أَنفُسِهِم بِٱلْكُفْرِ‌ۚ[with] disbelief
أُوْلَـٰٓئِكَ(For) those
حَبِطَتْworthless
أَعْمَـٰلُهُمْ(are) their deeds
وَفِىand in
ٱلنَّارِthe Fire
هُمْthey
خَـٰلِدُونَ(will) abide forever
١٧

It is not for the polytheists to maintain the mosques of Allāh [while] witnessing against themselves with disbelief. [For] those, their deeds have become worthless, and in the Fire they will abide eternally.

18
إِنَّمَاOnly
يَعْمُرُwill maintain
مَسَـٰجِدَ(the) masajid of Allah
ٱللَّهِ(the one) who
مَنْbelieves
ءَامَنَin Allah
بِٱللَّهِand the Day
وَٱلْيَوْمِthe Last
ٱلْأَخِرِand establishes
وَأَقَامَthe prayer
ٱلصَّلَوٲةَand gives
وَءَاتَىthe zakah
ٱلزَّكَوٲةَand not
وَلَمْfear
يَخْشَexcept
إِلَّاAllah
ٱللَّهَ‌ۖThen perhaps
فَعَسَىٰٓthose
أُوْلَـٰٓئِكَ[that]
أَن يَكُونُواْthey are
مِنَof
ٱلْمُهْتَدِينَthe guided ones
١٨

The mosques of Allāh are only to be maintained by those who believe in Allāh and the Last Day and establish prayer and give zakāh and do not fear except Allāh, for it is expected that those will be of the [rightly] guided.

19
۞ أَجَعَلْتُمْDo you make
سِقَايَةَthe providing of water
ٱلْحَآجِّ(to) the pilgrims
وَعِمَارَةَand (the) maintenance
ٱلْمَسْجِدِ ٱلْحَرَامِ(of) Al-Masjid Al-Haraam
كَمَنْlike (the one) who
ءَامَنَbelieves
بِٱللَّهِin Allah
وَٱلْيَوْمِand the Day
ٱلْـَٔاخِرِthe Last
وَجَـٰهَدَand strives
فِىin
سَبِيلِ(the) way
ٱللَّهِ ۚ(of) Allah
لَا يَسْتَوُۥنَThey are not equal
عِندَnear
ٱللَّهِ ۗAllah
وَٱللَّهُAnd Allah
لَا(does) not
يَهْدِىguide
ٱلْقَوْمَthe people
ٱلظَّـٰلِمِينَthe wrongdoers
19

Have you made the providing of water for the pilgrim and the maintenance of al-Masjid al-Ḥarām equal to [the deeds of] one who believes in Allāh and the Last Day and strives in the cause of Allāh? They are not equal in the sight of Allāh. And Allāh does not guide the wrongdoing people.

20
ٱلَّذِينَThose who
ءَامَنُواْbelieved
وَهَاجَرُواْand emigrated
وَجَـٰهَدُواْand strove
فِىin
سَبِيلِ(the) way
ٱللَّهِ(of) Allah
بِأَمْوَٲلِهِمْwith their wealth
وَأَنفُسِهِمْand their lives
أَعْظَمُ(are) greater
دَرَجَةً(in) rank
عِندَnear
ٱللَّهِ‌ۚAllah
وَأُوْلَـٰٓئِكَAnd those
هُمُthey
ٱلْفَآئِزُونَ(are) the successful
٢٠

The ones who have believed, emigrated and striven in the cause of Allāh with their wealth and their lives are greater in rank in the sight of Allāh. And it is those who are the attainers [of success].

21
يُبَشِّرُهُمْ رَبُّهُمTheir Lord gives them glad tidings
بِرَحْمَةٍۢof Mercy
مِّنْهُfrom Him
وَرِضْوَٰنٍۢand Pleasure
وَجَنَّـٰتٍۢand Gardens
لَّهُمْfor them
فِيهَاin it
نَعِيمٌۭ(is) bliss
مُّقِيمٌenduring
21

Their Lord gives them good tidings of mercy from Him and approval and of gardens for them wherein is enduring pleasure.

22
خَـٰلِدِينَ(They will) abide
فِيهَآin it
أَبَدًا‌ۚforever
إِنَّIndeed
ٱللَّهَAllah
عِندَهُۥٓwith Him
أَجْرٌ(is) a reward
عَظِيمٌgreat
٢٢

[They will be] abiding therein forever. Indeed, Allāh has with Him a great reward.

23
يَـٰٓأَيُّهَاO you
ٱلَّذِينَwho
ءَامَنُوا۟believe
لَا(Do) not
تَتَّخِذُوٓا۟take
ءَابَآءَكُمْyour fathers
وَإِخْوَٰنَكُمْand your brothers
أَوْلِيَآءَ(as) allies
إِنِif
ٱسْتَحَبُّوا۟they prefer
ٱلْكُفْرَ[the] disbelief
عَلَىover
ٱلْإِيمَـٰنِ ۚ[the] belief
وَمَنAnd whoever
يَتَوَلَّهُمtakes them as allies
مِّنكُمْamong you
فَأُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَthen those
هُمُ[they]
ٱلظَّـٰلِمُونَ(are) the wrongdoers
23

O you who have believed, do not take your fathers or your brothers as allies if they have preferred disbelief over belief. And whoever does so among you - then it is those who are the wrongdoers.

24
قُلْSay
إِنIf
كَانَare
ءَابَآؤُكُمْyour fathers
وَأَبْنَآؤُكُمْand your sons
وَإِخْوَٰنُكُمْand your brothers
وَأَزْوَٰجُكُمْand your spouses
وَعَشِيرَتُكُمْand your relatives
وَأَمْوَٰلٌand wealth
ٱقْتَرَفْتُمُوهَاthat you have acquired
وَتِجَـٰرَةٌۭand the commerce
تَخْشَوْنَyou fear
كَسَادَهَاa decline (in) it
وَمَسَـٰكِنُand the dwellings
تَرْضَوْنَهَآyou delight (in) it
أَحَبَّ(are) more beloved
إِلَيْكُمto you
مِّنَthan
ٱللَّهِAllah
وَرَسُولِهِۦand His Messenger
وَجِهَادٍۢand striving
فِىin
سَبِيلِهِۦHis way
فَتَرَبَّصُوا۟then wait
حَتَّىٰuntil
يَأْتِىَ ٱللَّهُAllah brings
بِأَمْرِهِۦ ۗHis Command
وَٱللَّهُAnd Allah
لَا(does) not
يَهْدِىguide
ٱلْقَوْمَthe people
ٱلْفَـٰسِقِينَthe defiantly disobedient
24

Say, [O Muḥammad], "If your fathers, your sons, your brothers, your wives, your relatives, wealth which you have obtained, commerce wherein you fear decline, and dwellings with which you are pleased are more beloved to you than Allāh and His Messenger and jihād [i.e., striving] in His cause, then wait until Allāh executes His command. And Allāh does not guide the defiantly disobedient people."

25
لَقَدْVerily
نَصَرَكُمُ ٱللَّهُAllah helped you
فِىin
مَوَاطِنَregions
كَثِيرَةٍۢ ۙmany
وَيَوْمَand (on the) day
حُنَيْنٍ ۙ(of) Hunain
إِذْwhen
أَعْجَبَتْكُمْpleased you
كَثْرَتُكُمْyour multitude
فَلَمْbut not
تُغْنِavailed
عَنكُمْyou
شَيْـًۭٔاanything
وَضَاقَتْand (was) straitened
عَلَيْكُمُfor you
ٱلْأَرْضُthe earth
بِمَا رَحُبَتْ(in spite) of its vastness
ثُمَّthen
وَلَّيْتُمyou turned back
مُّدْبِرِينَfleeing
25

Allāh has already given you victory in many regions and [even] on the day of Ḥunayn, when your great number pleased you, but it did not avail you at all, and the earth was confining for you with [i.e., in spite of] its vastness; then you turned back, fleeing.

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Tafsir Ibn Kathir

At-Tawbah

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